Sunday, July 14, 2013

How Does An Automatic Transmission Work?

An automatic transmission is one of the simplest engines to work. The primary purpose of the automatic transmission is simply to allow the engine to move, using a select range of speeds. Using the transmission the car can operate in more than one gear. That means the car can go from 0 to 100 miles per hour. Without a transmission the car would not be able to shift gears. Using a manual transmission, you as the driver, have to select which gears to switch the car into.

The automatic transmission does not work in quite the same way.



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How The Automatic Transmission Switches Gear

An automatic transmission uses torque to allow the engine to operate at various speeds. The automatic uses gears, known as compound planetary gears, that have a ring gear and other gears that work in combination to switch your car from one speed to another.

One ring gear stays in control of the output of the transmission. When the car is in first gear, a sun gear moves clockwise using a converter. The planet carrier is held still by a clutch. Gear selection in a manual car was worked out using a compilation of factors including the road speed, the lever position and the throttle setting in a car.

The driver would engage the gear and lock the torque converter when the appropriate road speed was reached to switch gears. This had to be done mechanically. In an automatic none of this is necessary on the part of the driver. A gearbox works instead with the brakes, accelerator and drive shaft to allow the drive shaft to accelerate, decelerate and work in concert with the gearbox to shift the car into the right gear for the transmission to work properly to power the car. This allows the car to leverage its own power in essence.

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